We add different endings to verbs in order to differentiate between different people.
Thanks to it we can ommit the pronouns I, you, he, she in the sentence because the verb itself shows us who we are referring to.
We can say: Ja mam pytanie. or Mam pytanie.
Today we'll cover the first group of verb endings (so called conjugation)
1st group of verbs: ending with -m (for I) -sz ( for you ) in present tense
The 1st group includes mostly verbs ending with -ać (of course with some exceptions).
You already know 2 verbs from this group - it is 'to have' and 'to live'
Look at the first two columns and fill in the rest according to the given rule:
Negations - adding Nie
Nie rozumiem. - I don't understand.
Questions - the same as a positive verb, we only change our voice intonation
Rozumiesz ? - Do you understand ?
In addition, in the polish language there is no distinction between Present Simple and Present Continuous. So, the phrase 'Mieszkam w Warszawie' can either mean ' I live in Warsaw' or 'I am living in Warsaw'. It all depends on the context.
Exercise:
What person does this verb refer to ?
eg. ..ty.. mieszkasz
- ..... rozumiesz
- ..... pytamy
- ..... mieszkają
- ..... czyta
- ..... przepraszam
- ..... macie
- ... rozumiemy
- .... mieszkacie
- ..... czytasz
- .... przeprasza
Exercise:
Fill in the gaps
| 1. | Pana. - (we) apologize |
| 2. | nie - (I) don't understand |
| 3. | książkę ? - are (you plural) reading? |
| 4. | się o cenę. - (we) are asking |
| 5. | on dobry pomysł. - he has |
| 6. | pytanie ? - do (you plural) have ? |
| 7. | oni blisko. - they live |
| 8. | spotkanie. - (you singular) have |
| 9. | gazetę ? - are (you plural) reading ? |
| 10. | ona mnie. - she understands |
| 11. | na ulicy Starej. - (I) live |
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